• Introduction to Neonatology
• Developmental Physiology of the Newborn
• Perinatal Care and Antenatal Counseling
• Neonatal Examination and Assessment
• Neonatal Resuscitation and Stabilization
• Neonatal Nutrition and Breastfeeding

• Congenital Heart Defects
• Persistent Pulmonary Hypertension of the Newborn (PPHN)
• Patent Ductus Arteriosus (PDA)
• Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome (HLHS)
• Management of Hemodynamic Instability in Neonates

• Neonatal Brain Development
• Intraventricular Hemorrhage (IVH)
• Perinatal Asphyxia and Hypoxic-Ischemic Encephalopathy (HIE)
• Neonatal Seizures and Management
• Neonatal Neuroimaging Techniques

• Early-Onset and Late-Onset Sepsis
• Neonatal Meningitis
• Prevention and Management of Healthcare-Associated Infections
• Viral, Bacterial, and Fungal Infections in the Neonate

• Neonatal Hypoglycemia and Hyperglycemia
• Neonatal Hypocalcemia and Hypercalcemia
• Disorders of the Thyroid and Adrenal Glands
• Inborn Errors of Metabolism (IEMs) and Screening

• Necrotizing Enterocolitis (NEC)
• Neonatal Jaundice and Cholestasis
• Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD)
• Neonatal Abdominal Surgical Emergencies

• Hemolytic Disease of the Newborn
• Thrombocytopenia and Coagulopathy in the Neonate
• Anemia in Preterm and Term Infants
• Neonatal Transfusion Medicine

• Neonatal Growth Assessment and Monitoring
• Developmental Care in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU)
• Long-term Neurodevelopmental Outcomes
• Early Intervention Services and Follow-up Care

Introduction

Overview of the liver’s structure and function

Importance of the liver in metabolism and detoxification

Introduction to common liver diseases

Liver Anatomy and Physiology:

Detailed study of liver anatomy

Hepatic blood supply and circulation

Liver cell (hepatocyte) structure and function

Liver Function Tests:

Understanding and interpreting liver function tests

Assessment of liver enzymes, bilirubin, and other markers

Diagnostic significance of liver function tests

Liver Imaging:

Imaging techniques for assessing liver health (ultrasound, CT scan, MRI)

Liver biopsy: indications, procedures, and interpretation

Non-invasive methods for assessing liver fibrosis

Viral Hepatitis:

Hepatitis A, B, C, D, and E viruses

Transmission, clinical manifestations, and prevention

Diagnosis and management of viral hepatitis

Alcoholic Liver Disease:

Effects of alcohol on the liver

Alcoholic hepatitis and cirrhosis

Treatment and management of alcoholic liver disease

Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD) and Non-Alcoholic Steatohepatitis (NASH):

Risk factors and pathogenesis

Diagnosis and staging of NAFLD/NASH

Management and lifestyle interventions

Cirrhosis:

Causes and progression of cirrhosis

Complications of cirrhosis (e.g., portal hypertension, ascites, hepatic encephalopathy)

Management and supportive care for cirrhotic patients

Liver Transplantation:

Indications for liver transplantation

Evaluation of transplant candidates and donors

Post-transplant care and complications

Autoimmune Liver Diseases:

Primary biliary cholangitis (PBC)

Primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC)

Autoimmune hepatitis

Pediatric Hepatology:

Liver diseases in children

Unique considerations in pediatric liver transplantation

Emerging Therapies in Hepatology:

Advancements in the treatment of liver disease

Ethical and Social Issues in Hepatology:

Ethical considerations in liver transplantation

Social impact of chronic liver diseases

Sepsis and Septic Shock

Etiology

Pathophysiology

Symptoms and Signs

Diagnosis

Treatment

Prognosis

Bacterial Pneumonia

Bacterial Sepsis

Community-Acquired Pneumonia Organism-Specific Therapy

Neonatal Sepsis

Pediatric Sepsis

Peritonitis and Abdominal Sepsis

Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome (SIRS)

Treatment of Sepsis and Septic Shock in Children

Shock

Physiology of Menstruation

Pubertal Changes

Menstrual Problems in Young and Small Girls

Intersex

PCOS

Abnormal Uterine Bleeding

Gonorrhea

Chlamydia

Chancroid

Bacterial Vaginosis

Candidiasis

Trichomoniasis

HIV

Syphilis

Amenorrhea

Embryology of Uterus

Prolapse

Post Menopausal Bleeding

Clinical Assessment of the Pregnant Patient

Vaginal Bleeding

Ectopic Pregnancy

Female Reproductive Tract

Endometriosis

IUCD

PCOD

Preeclampsia

Understanding the pivotal role of family in healthcareDeveloping effective communication and consulting skills

Emphasis on counseling skills and health promotion

Importance of record-keeping in family medicine

Breaking bad news

Advanced communication techniques

Cultural competency and sensitivity

Management of poisonings

Management of bites

Management of burns

Management of stings

Handling opioid poisoning

Handling of crush injuries

Handling of surgical emergencies

Special focus on cardiovascular emergencies

Special focus on Respiratory emergencies

Special focus on central nervous system emergencies

Respiratory Disorders

Hemoptysis

Acute Respiratory Failure

Acute Exacerbation of Asthma and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

Pneumonia

Pneumothorax and Insertion of Chest Tube

Pulmonary Embolism

Acute Respiratory Failure

Aspiration Pneumonitis

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)

Acute Bronchial Asthma and Management

Pulmonary Hypertension

Acute Inhalational Injury

Fat Embolism

Venous Thromboembolism

Community-Acquired Pneumonia (CAP)

Cardiovascular Disorders

Acute Pain Management in Emergency Department

Chest Pain

Palpitations

Syncope

Acute Coronary Syndrome: Risk Stratification

Cardiogenic Shock

Heart Failure

Bradyarrhythmia

Tachyarrhythmia

Temporary Pacing

Hypertensive Emergency

Gastrointestinal Disorders

Gastrointestinal Bleed in Emergency

Hepatic Encephalopathy

Acute Pancreatitis

Acute Appendicitis

Perforation Peritonitis

Intestinal Obstruction

Electrolyte Imbalance

Acute Kidney Injury in Sepsis

Emergencies in Renal Failure and Dialysis Patients

Urinary Tract Infections

Hematuria

Acute Urinary Retention

Acute cholecystitis,

Acute cholangitis,

Acute pancreatitis

 Amebic and pyogenic liver abscess

 Cholangitis

Liver Cirrhosis

Detailed coverage of cardiovascular and respiratory disorders in children

Emphasis on growth & development

Emphasis on Immunization

Exploration of common pediatric disorders and case studies

Pediatric Emergencies

Fever in Children

Vomiting, Diarrhea and Dehydration in Children

Malnutrition in Children

Febrile Seizure and Status Epilepticus in Children

Central Nervous System Infections in Children

Diabetes Management in Children

Pediatric Cardiac Emergencies: Evaluation and Management

Gynecology Disorders

Physiology of Menstruation

Pubertal Changes

Menstrual Problems in Young and Small Girls

Intersex

PCOS

Abnormal Uterine Bleeding

Gonorrhea

Chlamydia

 Chancroid

 Bacterial Vaginosis

Candidiasis

 Trichomoniasis

HIV

Syphilis

UTI and UTI in pregnancy

Infertility and its drugs

Amenorrhea

Embrology of Uterus

Mullerian Abnormalities

Fibroids

Endometriosis

Adenomyosis

Prolapse

Hysterectomy

Abnormal Uterine Bleeding

Post Menopausal Bleeding

Ovarian Tumors

Cervical Cancer

Vulvar Cancer

Endometrial Cancer

Obstetric Disorders 

Clinical Assessment of the Pregnant Patient

Vaginal Bleeding

Ectopic Pregnancy

Emergency Delivery

Female Reproductive Tract

Endometriosis

IUCD

PCOD

Preeclampsia

The Physiology of Pregnancy

Medical Disorders Complicating Pregnancy

Prescribing Safely in Pregnancy

Introduction to Infectious Diseases:

Definition of infectious diseases

Historical perspective

Types of infectious agents (bacteria, viruses, fungi, parasites)

Overview of major infectious diseases

 Immunology and Host Defense:

The immune system and its components

Immune response to infections

Vaccines and immunization

Epidemiology and Transmission Dynamics:

Definition and characteristics of emerging infectious diseases

Case studies of recent outbreaks (e.g., COVID-19, Ebola)

Preparedness and response strategies

Specific Infectious Disease:

Respiratory infections (e.g., influenza, tuberculosis)

Gastrointestinal infections (e.g., foodborne illnesses)

Vector-borne diseases (e.g., malaria, Zika virus)

Sexually Transmitted Infections (STIs):

Overview of common STIs

Prevention and control strategies

Public health implications

 Antimicrobial Resistance:

Mechanisms of antimicrobial resistance

Consequences and global impact

Strategies for combating antimicrobial resistance

 Emerging Infectious Diseases:

Definition and characteristics of emerging infectious diseases

Case studies of recent outbreaks (e.g., COVID-19, Ebola)

Preparedness and response strategies

Endocrine & Renal Disorders 

Hypoglycemia

Diabetic Ketoacidosis in Adults

Thyroid Emergencies

Acute Adrenal Crisis

Hypothyroidism and Myxedema crisis

Diabetic Ketoacidosis

Severe Hypoglycemia

Hyperosmolar Hyperglycemic State

Management of Hyperglycemia

Acid Base Balance

Acidosis

Alkalosis

Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy (CRRT)

Electrolyte And Acid-Base Disturbances in Critical Illness

Pituitary Disorders

Hypothalamus and Posterior Pituitary Disorders

Gout

Geriatric Medicine:

Introduction

Definition and scope of geriatric medicine

Principles of geriatric care

Demographic trends and the aging population

Aging Physiology and Pathophysiology:

Normal aging processes

Common age-related changes in organ systems

Pathophysiology of geriatric syndromes

Comprehensive Geriatric Assessment:

Physical assessment in the elderly

Cognitive assessment

Functional assessment –

 Activities of Daily Living – ADLs

Instrumental Activities of Daily Living – IADLs

Geriatric Syndromes:

Falls and gait disorders

Incontinence

Delirium

Frailty

Polypharmacy

Chronic Diseases in Older Adults:

Cardiovascular diseases in the elderly

Diabetes management in geriatrics

Osteoporosis and musculoskeletal disorders

Neurological disorders

Introduction

Definition and scope of otolaryngology

Historical development of ENT practice

Overview of head and neck anatomy

Basic ENT Examination:

Head and neck examination techniques

Otoscopy and examination of the ear

Nasal endoscopy and examination of the nose and sinuses

Otology (Ear Disorders):

Hearing loss: causes and management

Otitis media and external ear infections

Tinnitus and vertigo

Rhinology (Nose and Sinus Disorders):

Rhinosinusitis: diagnosis and treatment

Nasal polyps and other nasal disorders

Allergic rhinitis and its management

Laryngology (Voice and Larynx Disorders):

Voice disorders and hoarseness

Laryngitis and vocal cord lesions

Swallowing disorders and dysphagia

Head and Neck Surgery:

Neck masses and lymphadenopathy

Thyroid and parathyroid surgery

Salivary gland disorders and surgery

 Facial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery:

Facial trauma and reconstructive surgery

Cosmetic procedures in otolaryngology

Surgical approaches to facial anomalies

 Pediatric Otolaryngology and Emerging Technologies:

Pediatric ENT conditions and interventions

Advances in ENT technologies and procedures

Introduction to Ophthalmology

Definition and scope of ophthalmology

Historical development of ophthalmic practice

Overview of eye anatomy and physiology

 Basic Eye Examination:

Visual acuity assessment

Ophthalmic instruments and their uses

Fundoscopy and slit-lamp examination

Refractive Errors and Optics:

Myopia, hyperopia, astigmatism, and presbyopia

Principles of optics in ophthalmology

Refractive surgery and interventions

Common Eye Disorders:

Conjunctivitis, blepharitis, and other external eye diseases

Corneal diseases and infections

Glaucoma: types, diagnosis, and management

 Retinal Diseases and Disorders:

Diabetic retinopathy

Age-related macular degeneration

Retinal detachment and vascular diseases

 Ocular Infections and Inflammation:

Uveitis and iritis

Infectious conjunctivitis and keratitis

Antimicrobial therapy in ophthalmology

Ophthalmic Surgical Procedures:

Cataract surgery: techniques and complications

Refractive surgery: LASIK, PRK, and others

Vitreo-retinal surgery and corneal transplantation

Pediatric Ophthalmology and Special Topics:

Strabismus and amblyopia in children

Ophthalmic emergencies

Emerging technologies in ophthalmology

Introduction

Skin anatomy and physiology

Dermatological immunology

Pharmacology in dermatology

Dermatological Examination and Diagnostic Techniques:

Skin examination techniques

Deramatoscopy

Skin biopsy and histopathology

Common Dermatological Conditions:

Acne and Rosacea

Eczema and Dermatitis

Psoriasis

Infections (bacterial, viral, fungal)

Urticaria and Angioedema

Disorders of Pigmentation

Hair and Nail Disorders

Skin Cancer and Melanoma:

Skin cancer epidemiology

Basal cell carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma

Melanoma diagnosis and management

Pediatric Dermatology:

Neonatal dermatology

Common skin conditions in children

Birthmarks and pediatric tumors

Dermatopathology:

Histopathological interpretation of skin biopsies

Correlation with clinical findings

Dermatological Surgery:

Excisional surgery

Mohs surgery for skin cancer

Cryotherapy and electrosurgery

Dermatological Emergencies:

Stevens-Johnson syndrome

Toxic epidermal necrolysis

Dermatologic manifestations of systemic diseases

Sexually Transmitted Infections (STIs):

Dermatologic manifestations of STIs

Diagnosis and management of STIs

Introduction

Historical perspectives and evolution of psychiatric practices

Current trends and challenges in mental health

Psychiatric Interview and Mental Status Examination:

Basic communication skills

Establishing rapport with patients

Techniques for conducting a comprehensive psychiatric interview

Components of the mental status examination

Psychopathology:

Classification of psychiatric disorders (e.g., DSM-5 criteria)

Understanding and recognizing symptoms of major mental disorders

Differential diagnosis

Neurodevelopmental Disorders:

Autism spectrum disorders

Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)

Intellectual disabilities

Mood Disorders:

Major depressive disorder

Bipolar disorder

Anxiety Disorders:

Generalized anxiety disorder

Panic disorder

Phobias and obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD)

Psychotic Disorders:

Schizophrenia

Schizoaffective disorder

Delusional disorders

Personality Disorders:

Borderline personality disorder

Narcissistic personality disorder

Antisocial personality disorder

Eating Disorders:

Anorexia nervosa

Bulimia nervosa

Binge-eating disorder

Sleep Disorders:

Insomnia

Sleep-related breathing disorders

Parasomnia

Substance Use Disorders:

Alcohol use disorder

Substance abuse and dependence

Dual diagnosis and comorbidity

Psychotherapy and Counseling:

Overview of various psychotherapeutic modalities –

cognitive-behavioral therapy

 psychodynamic therapy

Therapeutic techniques and interventions

Ethics in Psychiatry:

Ethical considerations in psychiatric practice

Confidentiality and informed consent

Radio diagnosis

Radiological Physics and Technology

Basics of X-ray Physics

Radiation Protection and Safety

Imaging Modalities: X-ray, CT, MRI, Ultrasound

Imaging Anatomy and Physiology:

Anatomy Relevant to Radiodiagnosis

Physiological Basis of Medical Imaging

Normal Imaging Variants

Radiographic Techniques:

Conventional Radiography

Fluoroscopy

Digital Radiography

Mammography

Understanding the core principles of family medicine

First Contact Care

Whole Person Care

Person-centered Care

Family-centered Care

Community-oriented Care

Continuity of Care

Comprehensive Care

Epidemiology of Illness

Introduction to Sexual Health and Well-being:

Defining sexual health

Historical context of sexuality

The role of culture and society in shaping attitudes toward sexuality

Gender identity and sexual orientation

Psychological Aspects of Sexuality:

Emotional and psychological aspects of sexual well-being

Factors influencing sexual desire and satisfaction

Common misconceptions and myths

 Sexual Dysfunction:

Types of sexual dysfunction

Causes and risk factors

Treatment options and approaches

 Consent, Boundaries, and Healthy Relationships:

Definition of consent

Understanding and establishing boundaries

Building and maintaining healthy relationships

 Sexual Education and Communication:

Importance of sexual education

Effective communication about sexual issues

Addressing stigma and fostering open dialogue

Sexual Abuse and Assault:

Definitions and types of sexual abuse

Impact on survivors

Reporting and support services

Prevention, Advocacy, and Support:

Strategies for preventing sexual abuse

Role of advocacy in addressing sexual issues

Support services for survivors